Um estudo conduzido por pesquisadores da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) revelou que a poeira proveniente das áreas de Brumadinho afetadas pelo rompimento de uma barragem da mineradora Vale teve impactos significativos na saúde das crianças. Conduzido como parte do Projeto Bruminha, que visa avaliar a saúde das crianças de até 6 anos nas comunidades impactadas ao longo de quatro anos, o estudo identificou um aumento significativo nos relatos de alergia respiratória nessas áreas em comparação com locais não afetados.
De acordo com o estudo, houve um aumento de 75% nos relatos de alergia respiratória nas áreas atingidas pela tragédia. Além disso, as crianças dessas comunidades apresentaram três vezes mais chances de desenvolver alergias respiratórias em comparação com outras áreas não afetadas. Os resultados foram publicados recentemente nos Cadernos de Saúde Pública, revista científica da Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública da Fiocruz.
O estudo também destacou que a faixa etária acima de 4 anos foi a mais afetada, com problemas de saúde relacionados a alergias respiratórias e complicações nas vias aéreas superiores e inferiores. Os pesquisadores explicaram que as crianças nessa faixa etária tendem a passar mais tempo em ambientes externos, aumentando sua exposição à poeira. Além disso, constatou-se que problemas de saúde envolvendo as crianças do sexo masculino foram mais frequentemente relatados, o que pode estar relacionado às características culturais que levam os meninos a terem maior acesso a ambientes externos.
A tragédia ocorrida em Brumadinho em janeiro de 2019 resultou na perda de 272 vidas, incluindo dois bebês de mulheres grávidas na época. Desde então, um acordo de reparação foi firmado entre a Vale, o governo estadual e outras entidades, comprometendo-se a realizar investimentos socioeconômicos e ações de recuperação socioambiental, entre outras medidas.
Diante dos novos resultados do estudo, espera-se que as ações de assistência desenvolvidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sejam direcionadas de acordo com as necessidades identificadas. O estudo foi realizado em três comunidades afetadas pela tragédia, além de uma comunidade não afetada para fins de comparação, totalizando 217 crianças avaliadas. Os pesquisadores também coletaram informações sobre a rotina da população após o desastre, destacando mudanças como a limpeza mais frequente das residências e o consumo de água mineral por parte dos moradores.
Com informações: Agência Brasil
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