Consumo de anabolizantes sem indicação médica é prejudicial à saúde
Saúde Vitrine

Consumo de anabolizantes sem indicação médica é prejudicial à saúde

18/01/2025 | 13:00 Por redacao mz

Se o uso de esteroides anabolizantes sem real necessidade médica é prejudicial à saúde, o consumo dessas substâncias torna-se ainda mais nocivo se tiverem sido produzidas de forma clandestina. O alerta é de especialistas e autoridades de saúde, na esteira de uma operação policial no Rio de Janeiro e em Brasília, que desarticulou uma quadrilha especializada na fabricação e venda desses produtos em todo o Brasil.

A ação terminou com 15 pessoas presas e mais de 2 mil frascos de anabolizantes apreendidos na última terça-feira (14). Os criminosos comercializavam os produtos pela internet. Segundo a investigação, o processo de fabricação não passava por fiscalização e continha até uma substância utilizada para matar piolhos, o benzoato de metila.

O diretor da Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Clayton Dornelles, lamenta que o uso dessas substâncias ilícitas tenha se tornado muito comum. “Tem um mercado clandestino”, constata.

“Essas substâncias podem ter doses erradas, ingredientes não declarados, contaminantes. Tudo isso pode potencializar os efeitos colaterais que já são próprios dos esteroides anabolizantes”, destaca o médico, em entrevista à Agência Brasil. Entre os principais efeitos nocivos, ele cita a toxicidade desconhecida. “Esses produtos podem ter substâncias altamente tóxicas para fígado, rim, coração… a gente já viu até tempero de cozinha, óleos absurdos na manufatura desses compostos.”

Segundo Dornelles, a produção desses medicamentos falsos é feita sem controle de qualidade, em local insalubre – muitas vezes em garagem ou fundo de quintal – e com perigo de contaminação. “Isso pode trazer infecção grave”, afirma.

O médico acrescenta que o usuário de substâncias clandestinas está submetido a falha terapêutica, ou seja, que o paciente que tenha indicação médica para usar o produto não terá o benefício proposto. O consumo desses esteroides pode deixar o paciente sujeito a efeitos adversos imprevisíveis, como, por exemplo, reações alérgicas. “Ali tem uma mistura de várias substâncias, aditivos, compostos químicos.”

Dornelles ressalta que boa parte de tais medicamentos é de origem veterinária, literalmente doses cavalares, o que “potencializa bastante” o risco.

Indicação restrita

Medicamentos classificados como de uso controlado, os esteroides androgênicos anabolizantes são substâncias sintéticas (fabricadas) derivadas do hormônio testosterona, o chamado “hormônio masculino”, que dá características como barba, cabelo e pelos. Também se caracteriza pela capacidade anabólica. “Estímulo da síntese de qualquer proteína, principalmente a proteína muscular, por isso é que crescem os músculos”, explica Dornelles. Popularmente, essas substâncias também são chamadas de “bombas”.

A lei determina que apenas médico ou dentista pode receitar anabolizante.

A indicação médica de consumo de anabolizantes é bastante específica. A principal é no caso de homem que tem deficiência de testosterona (hipogonadismo). Há ainda indicações para casos de queimaduras severas e alguns tipos de câncer.

“Uma indicação de exceção, não de rotina”, enfatiza o médico. Outro uso especifico é em pessoas com incongruência de gênero.

“As indicações aprovadas para os medicamentos anabolizantes são aquelas que constam nas bulas. Outras indicações não foram analisadas e não estão autorizadas”, reforça a Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), órgão ligado ao Ministério da Saúde, em comunicado enviado à Agência Brasil.

Venda clandestina

De acordo com a Anvisa, a venda de anabolizantes é permitida somente em farmácias e drogarias devidamente regularizadas e mediante apresentação de receita especial. Qualquer medicamento anabolizante que não esteja autorizado pela Anvisa é um produto ilegal. Quadrilhas tentam burlar a proibição de venda livre de esteroides. Em 2023, uma operação da Polícia Federal percorreu seis estados.

Para evitar que o paciente seja enganado na hora de comprar esteroide devidamente receitado, a Anvisa faz as seguintes recomendações:

– Suspeite de produtos recebidos fora da embalagem original. Todos os medicamentos são fornecidos dentro de caixinhas de papel;

– Suspeite de produtos que são comercializados em sites que não sejam de farmácias e drogarias regularizadas. Evite sites em geral e marketplaces, vendedores ambulantes, carros de som ou outros estabelecimentos que não podem comercializar medicamentos. É que os produtos vendidos nesses locais têm procedência incerta e podem ser falsificados;

– Fique atento a indicativos de falsificação, como erros de português na embalagem; falhas na impressão das informações; diferenças nas datas de fabricação e de validade e no número do lote entre a embalagem primária (ampola, blister, frasco) e a embalagem secundária (caixinha de papel); raspadinha que não aparece a logo da empresa; e ausência de lacre de segurança ou falha na colagem da embalagem secundária.

Uso indevido e danos

O médico Clayton Dornelles ressalta que mesmo o produto legalmente fabricado deve ser usado apenas nas condições especificadas por médicos. “Nunca para fins estéticos, ganho de performance, uso recreativo, melhora da performance sexual, crescimento de massa muscular, antienvelhecimento, nada disso.” Para ele, os riscos são maiores que qualquer benefício.

Uma resolução do Conselho Federal de Medicina (CFM) proíbe a prescrição médica de terapias hormonais com esteroides androgênicos e anabolizantes para fins de estética, ganho de massa muscular ou melhora do desempenho esportivo.

Segundo Dornelles, os riscos causados pelo uso sem indicação são tantos que “dão um livro”. Ele cita males como infarto, arritmia, insuficiência cardíaca, alteração da resistência insulínica, que favorece a diabetes, trombose, embolia, hepatite medicamentosa, tumores de fígado, infertilidade, impotência e redução de libido, masculinização em mulheres, engrossamento de voz feminina (irreversível), irregularidade menstrual e malformação fetal.

Homens e mulheres podem ter acne severa, pele oleosa, crescimento de pelos e queda de cabelo. Indivíduos predispostos têm mais risco de tumores de mama e de próstata.

Há ainda questões cerebrais psicológicas como irritabilidade, ansiedade, depressão e agressividade. “A gente vê casos até de feminicídio, violência doméstica pelas doses muito altas de testosterona no cérebro”, conclui Dornelles.

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    state by not consuming each 2–3 hours. This seemingly common recommendation in bodybuilding is pointless, with sumo wrestlers
    being essentially the most muscular athletes on the planet (2), with greater levels of fat-free
    mass than pro bodybuilders. Although some individuals suggest
    eating each few hours, doing so elevates the metabolism
    and will increase BMR (basal metabolic rate). Thus, by eating extra
    regularly, you’ll need to consume greater quantities of calories to achieve weight.
    The primary problem skinny guys face when bulking up is that their
    metabolism is already quick, so rushing this up additional is
    counterproductive.
    The meal plan on the next pages offers a guide to specific meals portions that will get you to those gram targets.
    Dietary fat should be as low as possible, apart from wholesome fat (from nuts,
    olive oil, fatty fish), which might quantity to 5-10g per
    meal. Gaining weight can typically be one of the biggest challenges for some.

    Full-body exercises permit your physique enough restoration because it’s recommended you are taking no less than at some point off
    between exercises to allow your body to totally relaxation and get well.
    With break up routines, you must work out a
    number of days in a row, or you won’t be succesful of work all
    of your muscles each week. Although chopping out carbohydrates
    could allow you to shed weight temporarily, your testosterone,
    power, and muscle progress takes a toll (31). It’s crucial that when you are attempting to
    construct muscle, carbs are a primary source
    of your whole day by day calories. Since compound lifts work bigger muscles,
    you want to rest for a longer time. When you practice your accent muscular tissues, like triceps and biceps,
    take shorter relaxation intervals to maximise hypertrophy.

    Every serving packs a punch with 50g of protein from three sources,
    1300 energy from complex carbs, and the added advantages
    of Creatine Monohydrate, all and not using a trace of
    added sugar. This Halal-certified formulation is low in lactose
    and incorporates digestive support for a holistic strategy to muscle building.

    There is a typical fantasy that folks can’t bulk up
    or achieve weight with out eating meat.
    Are bloated mass gainers causing you gastrointestinal problems?
    Decide for Naked Mass, which is as easy and clear as a mass
    gainer can get. With simply three elements (maltodextrin, whey protein, and casein)
    it’s the best in your stomach when you don’t mind the gentle unflavored style.
    If you’re an active individual attempting to realize muscle, zero.6
    to 0.9 grams (g) of protein per pound (lb) of physique weight,
    or 1.4 to 2.0 g per kilogram (kg) of physique weight, could also be best.
    Either method, you want to continue to problem yourself
    to see continued progress over time. “Utilizing a program that implements some type of progressive overload to continue to construct and problem your muscle tissue for growth is essential,” says
    Smith. This means much less cardio, HIIT and circuit-style
    training and more of a focus on heavy lifting exercises.

    ‘This kind of protein powder makes it simpler to devour calories on a consistent basis compared
    to having to devour these calories from entire foods,’ Fleming provides.
    Now as for how many drop units to do to construct muscle fast, one
    research changed three normal sets with 1 normal set adopted by 2 drop units.
    However for now, here is an example of what this could seem like
    with a 3-day per week full body exercise that would prepare every muscle with round 6
    units per week. Now, the final examine I need to look at earlier than offering some suggestions for the least variety of
    units you are able to do to build muscle quick is a meta-analysis led by Brad Schoenfeld.
    The first strategy that’ll help you construct muscle quick in less time has to do
    with your exercise quantity. It is beneficial that you simply concentrate on slowly
    growing your weights to not more than 10% every week so the body can adapt.
    This can even assist scale back your risk of damage or overtraining.

    This effect is identified as extra post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).
    The greater the depth of your workout, the longer EPOC will last.

    If you examine a pound of muscle to a pound of fats, you’ll see that muscle
    takes up less area than fats. This concept results
    in confusion because of the parable that muscle weighs greater
    than fats. Isotonic exercises keep muscular tissues on the identical rigidity throughout a motion. A walking lunge would
    be an instance of an isotonic exercise. Attempt for three sets,
    including to your variety of reps as you get stronger.

    What we will learn from this research, is that spreading out
    your protein consumption throughout the day, and
    timing it round training needs, is in all probability going an effective strategy to
    supporting extra MPS. And if you are solely eating a quantity of instances a day or much less, you might be limiting your
    self. Pre and post-workout diet relies on if you end up coaching.

    A structured plan ensures each exercise contributes
    in direction of your goal of including pounds of muscle to your frame.

    When you’re trying to construct muscle fast,
    sure components have a higher impression than others.
    This improve in blood flow to your muscular tissues has been proven to increase muscle protein synthesis
    and reduce muscle degeneration (27).
    On your first three units, you do 8-10 reps, going as heavy as you can with correct kind.
    Nevertheless, you will not lockout at the high
    of each rep. Locking out supplies you with a mini pause
    on the prime of every rep. That isn’t what we wish. Stopping just wanting lockout and going straight into the following rep will maintain the strain in your thighs.
    Assault each train as if it had been an important set
    of your life.
    Analysis signifies that an individual taking a mass gainer whereas pursuing a
    sustained resistance exercise coaching program can see
    benefits in muscle strength and size, though extra analysis is important.
    You now have a super efficient 12 week program to construct muscle all through both the upper physique and the
    lower physique. I’ve included some extremely powerful depth enhancing strategies that will literally pressure your muscular tissues
    to renewed growth. Yet, except you give attention to correct train kind, you will not
    get essentially the most out of this or another workout program.

    Creatine is an amino acid that increases intracellular fluid retention (ATP), muscular dimension, energy, and protein synthesis.
    This might help overload the muscle tissue, causing moderate increases in lean mass.
    Nonetheless, we now have had some stories of creatine monohydrate raising blood
    strain in certain people, so it would be sensible to observe this throughout supplementation.
    Protein intake stays the same on each days (almost 2g per pound of bodyweight, roughly 330g in our sample meal plan), so
    the drop in carbs additionally means a much-needed drop in energy.
    On exercise days you need about energy per pound of
    bodyweight, but on rest days you require solely about calories per
    pound. Swapping nowadays will spur muscle development without seeing your midsection develop as properly.
    To successfully achieve muscle mass, it’s crucial to know how to correctly use mass gainer.
    These dietary supplements can enhance your calorie intake, support muscle growth, and improve recovery.

    How you construction your training, your selection of workout
    routines, your food plan, your recovery strategies, and your mental perspective all play crucial roles in your quest to
    pack on the lean muscle mass. Periodization is a coaching principle
    that puts you through different coaching phases.

    For example, section I might focus on energy, part II might focus on power training, and section III might focus
    on hypertrophy. Each part is typically a number of weeks long and permits
    for quite lots of movements, reps, sets, and workout protocols so that your physique by no means adapts and retains growing.
    Pump training is outlined as high-volume coaching which
    causes sarcoplasmic hypertrophy, a rise in sarcoplasmic fluid in your cells.
    To build muscle, you want to place sufficient stress on your muscles to force them to
    adapt; and lifting weights is the perfect resolution.
    That Is why it’s essential to monitor your day-to-day stress,
    sleep and food regimen, since these impression these hormones and in flip have
    an effect on your ability to progress. The molecular structure of testosterone, an necessary hormone for muscle growth.

    The truth is that muscle development can range extensively from one individual to another.

    It Is a good idea to aim for the Scientific Legacy Path Victory in the Exploration Age to begin the Fashionable Age with extra Science.
    You May get to maintain all Academies and adjacency bonuses from Exploration,
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    This stack is ONLY suggested for knowledgeable customers with 2+ years of significant training, weight-reduction plan, and supplement biking expertise.

    Additionally, when first starting out, you could not see major features in dimension right away.
    To repair this, strive taking a fiber complement at evening, proper earlier than going
    to bed. This means, it won’t interfere along with your caloric
    intake objectives. Optimum Nutrition virtually places a multivitamin into every serving of Severe Mass; your daily requirements for many
    vitamins and minerals are met or exceeded in a single 1250 calorie serving.
    HMB is liable for some of the beneficial results of protein and leucine
    within the food plan. It could additionally be particularly essential for lowering the
    breakdown of muscle proteins.
    Have this system customized to your personal wants
    with certainly one of our expert… This offering from Optimum Nutrition is a high protein, low calorie method that
    gives a balanced amount of carbs, nutritional vitamins, and minerals to help with post-workout recovery.
    The company states that people can also take it as
    a high protein snack between meals. Sweet Vanilla was, as marketed, very candy, but
    at occasions, may be overbearing if the shake is taken early in the morning.

    References:

    why Do bodybuilders Use Steroids

  • Jackie disse:

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    References:

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